Remarks by President Obama and President Lee of the Republic of Korea in a Joint Press Conference

East Room

12:22 P.M. EDT

PRESIDENT OBAMA:  Please, everybody have a seat.  Good afternoon.  Once again, it is a great honor to welcome my good friend and partner, President Lee, back to the White House.  We had a wonderful dinner last night at one of our outstanding local Korean restaurants.  Michelle and I are looking forward to hosting the President and First Lady Kim at tonight’s state dinner.  And today President Lee will address Congress -- a high honor reserved for America’s closest friends.

This state visit reflects the fact that the Republic of Korea is one of our strongest allies.  Because we’ve stood together, the people of South Korea, from the ruins of war, were able to build an economic miracle and become one of our largest trading partners, creating jobs and opportunity for both our peoples.  Because we stood together, South Koreans were able to build a strong and thriving democracy and become a steady partner in preserving security and freedom not only on the Korean peninsula, but beyond. 

As I said this morning, this visit also recognizes South Korea’s emergence as one of our key global partners.  South Koreans have served bravely with us in Afghanistan and Iraq.  South Korean forces have partnered with us to prevent piracy off the shores of Africa and stem the spread of weapons of mass destruction.  Once a recipient of aid, South Korea has become a donor nation, supporting development from Asia to Africa.  And under President’s personal leadership, Seoul served as host to the G20 summit last year and will host the next Nuclear Security Summit next year.

South Korea’s success is a tribute to the sacrifices and tenacity of the Korean people.  It’s also a tribute to the vision and commitment of President Lee. 

Mr. President, you have shown how the international community should work in the 21st century -- more nations bearing the responsibility of meeting global challenges.  In the face of unprovoked attacks on your citizens, you and the South Korean people have shown extraordinary strength, restraint and resolve.

And I'd add that in all of our dealings, President Lee has shared my focus on what matters most -- the security and prosperity of our citizens.  And that, again, has been our focus today.

We agreed to move ahead quickly with the landmark trade agreement that Congress passed last night -- and which I’ll sign in the coming days.  It’s a win for both our countries.  For our farmers and ranchers here in the United States, it will increase exports of agricultural products.  From aerospace to electronics, it will increase American manufacturing exports, including those produced by our small businesses.  It will open Korea’s lucrative services market, and I’m very pleased that it will help level the playing field for American automakers. 

As a former executive, President Lee will understand when I say that just as Americans buy Hyundais and Kias, I hope that South Koreans will buy more Fords, Chryslers and Chevys.  And tomorrow, President Lee and I will be visiting with autoworkers in Michigan -- some of the many Americans who are going to benefit from this agreement.

In short, this agreement will boost American exports by up to $11 billion and support some 70,000 American jobs.  It has groundbreaking protections for labor rights, the environment and intellectual property -- so that trade is free and fair.  It will promote green jobs and clean energy, another area where we’re deepening our cooperation.  And it keeps us on track to achieve my goals of doubling American exports. 

So, President Lee, I thank you for your partnership in getting this deal done, a deal that will also be good for Korean businesses and Korean jobs.  I look forward to working with you to bring it into force as quickly as possible.  

As we expand our economic cooperation, we’re also deepening our security cooperation.  Guided by our joint vision for the alliance, we agreed to continue strengthening our capabilities to deter any threat.  I can never say it enough:  The commitment of the United States to the defense and security of the Republic of Korea will never waver.  And as we have for decades, the United States will maintain our strong presence in the Asia Pacific, which is a foundation for security and prosperity in Asia in the 21st century. 

In this regard, we discussed North Korea, which continues to pose a direct threat to the security of both our nations.  On this, President Lee [and I] are entirely united.  Together, we've succeeded in changing the equation with the North, by showing that its provocations will be met -- not with rewards but with even stronger sanctions and isolation.  So the choice is clear for North Korea.  If Pyongyang continues to ignore its international obligations, it will invite even more pressure and isolation.  If the North abandons its quest for nuclear weapons and moves toward denuclearization, it will enjoy greater security and opportunity for its people.  That's the choice that North Korea faces. 

Given the global nature of alliances, President Lee and I discussed the full range of challenges to our security and prosperity.  I thanked the President for South Korea’s continued support for reconstruction in Afghanistan and I updated him on the transition that is underway towards full Afghan responsibility for security.  We agreed to continue our support for democratic transitions in the Middle East and North Africa, including Libya. 

We’ve agreed to coordinate more closely on the development that lifts -- that can lift people and nations out of poverty.  I appreciated hearing the President’s plans for next year’s Nuclear Security Summit, which I look forward to attending.  And as we approach the G20 and APEC summits next month, we agreed on the need for coordinated global action that focuses on growth and creates jobs for our workers.

Finally, we’re strengthening the ties between our people.  South Korea is one of the top sources of international students studying in the United States.  And the number of American students who are studying in Korea has been soaring.  So we’ve directed our teams to sustain this momentum and expand educational exchanges between our people -- not unlike the one that once brought a visiting scholar named Lee Myung-bak to an American university just blocks from here.

So, again, Mr. President, I thank you for your partnership and your friendship.  And because of the progress we’ve made today, I’m confident that your visit will mark a turning point in the enduring alliance between our two nations. 

Thank you very much.

PRESIDENT LEE:  (As interpreted.)  Thank you, Mr. President.  First of all, I thank President Obama again for inviting me to make a state visit to the United States.  My thanks goes out to the Madam First Lady as well.  I am pleased to have had the chance to reaffirm once again the strong partnership and friendship between our two countries.

I met with President Obama six times over the last three years.  Our meetings were always constructive, allowing us to reaffirm the strength of our alliance, an alliance that is firmly based upon shared values and mutual trust.  This alliance guarantees peace, stability and prosperity on the Korean Peninsula, the Asia Pacific region and beyond.  We will continue to strengthen what is already a powerful and far-reaching alliance.

I was privileged to have spent many hours with President Obama during my visit to Washington, D.C. this time, discussing and sharing views on a wide array of issues, such as security on the Korean Peninsula and the Northeast Asia region; trade and economic cooperation between our two countries; situation in the Middle East, including what is unfolding in Libya; various international security issues; and, of course, the global economy and the challenges that we face today.

In particular, we welcome the ratification of the Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement by the United States Congress.  I am confident that the Korea National Assembly will soon ratify this very important agreement in the near future.

I take this opportunity to sincerely thank President Obama, the congressional leadership and the members of Congress, for their support and commitment.  The Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement is a historic achievement that will become a significant milestone in our 130-year relationship.  It is a win-win agreement that will benefit both of our countries in countless ways.  This agreement will create more jobs, generate more trade, and stimulate our economies.

This free trade agreement will bring numerous benefits to our workers, our companies, our small businesses and our consumers alike.  Furthermore, mutual investments will increase and our economic partnership will become stronger.  And the KORUS FTA will bring benefits beyond Korea and the United States.  It will be a gateway to enhancing ties between North America and Asia.  It will allow us to get ahead and stay ahead in the global markets.

As we all know, the global economy is undergoing many challenges.  The Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement will demonstrate to the world that we can create good-quality jobs and stimulate growth through open and fair trade.  This is a good example.  The passage of the KORUS FTA has opened up a new chapter in our partnership, in our alliance.

For the last 60 years we have maintained a strong political, military alliance.  Now the KORUS FTA signals the beginning of an economic alliance.  This alliance will strengthen and elevate our military and political alliance to a whole new level.  Our alliance is evolving into a future-oriented partnership and it will become stronger. 

When President Obama and I adopted a joint vision for the future of the alliance in 2009, we agreed to expand the depth and scope of our strategic alliance.  Today, we reaffirmed our common commitment to a common future -- a future of ensuring peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and beyond, including the Northeast Asian region.  Our alliance will continue to play a pivotal role in overcoming the many global challenges that we face today.

Recently, we were deeply shocked when we read the reports on the attempt to harm the Saudi envoy here in Washington D.C.  I and the Korean people strongly condemned all forms of terrorism. And as you can see already, our two countries are working to bring peace and ensure stability around the world.  We are partners in Iraq and Afghanistan.  We are safeguarding our vital sea lanes off the coast of Somalia.

Today, we also talked about the rebuilding of Libya and bringing democracy and economic prosperity to a region wracked by violence and instability.  We also agreed to continue our work towards promoting universal values such as human rights, democracy and freedom across the world. 

In particular, we agreed that Korea and the United States will contribute to the economic development and administrative capacity-building in Libya, provide vocational training for its young people, provide medical care, and rebuild and reinvest in its infrastructure.  We will coordinate our joint efforts with the United Nations support mission in Libya and the Friends of Libya meetings, and our international partners. 

We also talked about the worrying state of the global economy and how to overcome the perils that emanated from the eurozone.  The situation in Europe is a source of grave concern. We agreed to strengthen international cooperation through the G20 so that the fiscal situation does not endanger the recovery of our real economies.  In particular, our two countries agreed to work together to bring back stability to our financial markets similar to what we did back in 2008.

As we have done for the past three years, President Obama and I will remain in complete agreement when dealing with North Korea.  Our principled approach will remain steadfast.  We agreed that North Korea’s continued pursuit of nuclear weapons poses a serious threat to peace and stability of the Korean Peninsula and the world.  We will continue to work towards denuclearization of the peninsula.

The second Nuclear Security Summit will be held next March in Seoul.  During the summit, we will review the progress made since the first summit in 2010, which was convened under the initiative of President Obama.  The leaders will have one goal, and that is to achieve our collective vision of a world free of nuclear weapons.

I thank President Obama and his able team for giving us their full support in the preparations of the summit, and, of course, we’ll continue to work with them.  And I look forward to welcoming President Obama and Mrs. Obama in Seoul next year.

Thank you very much.

PRESIDENT OBAMA:  All right.  We’re going to start off with Ed Henry.  Where’s Ed?

Q    Thank you, Mr. President.  I appreciate it. 

President Lee, I wanted to start with you, one question each.  First, when you mentioned North Korea, what concrete steps do you think the Obama administration has helped to contain Kim Jong Il?

And, President Obama, I wanted to get your first reaction to the Iranian terror plot.  Your Secretary of State called it a dangerous escalation.  What specific steps will you take to hold Iran accountable, especially when Mitt Romney charged last week, “If you do not want America to be the strongest nation on Earth, I am not your President -- you have that President today”?

PRESIDENT OBAMA:  Well, I didn't know that you were the spokesperson for Mitt Romney.  (Laughter.)  But let me just talk about the plot in particular.  We have a situation here where the Attorney General has laid out a very specific set of facts.  What we know is that an individual of Iranian-American descent was involved in a plot to assassinate the ambassador to the United States from Saudi Arabia.  And we also know that he had direct links, was paid by and directed by individuals in the Iranian government.

Now, those facts are there for all to see.  And we would not be bringing forward a case unless we knew exactly how to support all the allegations that are contained in the indictment. 

So we have contacted all our allies, the international community; we’ve laid the facts before them.  And we believe that after people have analyzed them, there will not be a dispute that this is, in fact, what happened. 

This is a -- not just a dangerous escalation; this is part of a pattern of dangerous and reckless behavior by the Iranian government.  One of the principles of international behavior is that our diplomats -- we send them around the world -- that they are going to be protected, they are not targets for threats or physical violence.  And for Iran to have been involved in a plot like this indicates the degree to which it has been outside of accepted norms of international behavior for far too long.  This is just one example of a series of steps that they’ve taken to create violence and to behave in a way that you don’t see other countries doing. 

So with respect to how we respond, our first step is to make sure that we prosecute those individuals that have been named in the indictment.  And I will leave to the Attorney General the task of describing how that will proceed.

The second thing that we’re going to continue to do is to apply the toughest sanctions and continue to mobilize the international community to make sure that Iran is further and further isolated and that it pays a price for this kind of behavior. 

Keep in mind that when I came into office I think Iran saw itself as being able to play various countries against each other and avoid the kind of isolation that it deserved.  Since that time, what we’ve seen, whether it relates to its nuclear program or its state-sponsored terrorism, that more and more countries have been willing to speak out in forceful ways, whether through the United Nations or through other avenues, to say this is not acceptable behavior.  And it is having an impact.  I mean, what we’ve seen is Iran’s economy is in a much more difficult state now than it was several years ago, in part because we’ve been able to unify the international community in naming Iran’s misbehavior and saying that it's got to stop and there are going to be consequences to its actions.

Now, we don’t take any options off the table in terms of how we operate with Iran.  But what you can expect is that we will continue to apply the sorts of pressure that will have a direct impact on the Iranian government until it makes a better choice in terms of how it’s going to interact with the rest of the international community.

There is great similarity between how Iran operates and how North Korea operates -- a willingness on their part to break international rules, to flout international norms, to not live up to their own commitments.  And each time they do that the United States will join with its partners and allies in making sure that they pay a price. 

And I think that -- I have to emphasize that this plot was not simply directed at the United States of America.  This is a plot that was directed against the Saudi ambassador.  And I think that what you’re going to see is folks throughout the Middle East region questioning their ability to work effectively with Iran.  This builds on the recognition within the region that Iran in fact has been hypocritical when it comes to dealing with the Arab Spring, given their own repressive activities inside their country, their willingness to prop up the Syrian regime at a time when they’re killing their own citizens. 
This is a pattern of behavior that I think increasingly the international community is going to consider out of bounds and is going to continue to punish Iran for.  Unfortunately, the Iranian people are the ones that probably suffer the most from this regime’s behavior.  And we will continue to work to see how we can bring about a Iranian government that is actually responsive to its people but also following the rules of the road that other countries in the international community follow.

PRESIDENT LEE:  (As interpreted.)  Thank you.  To answer your question about North Korea, first of all, President Obama and I, for the last three years, we have maintained very close cooperation and coordination when it comes to North Korea policy. We have consistently applied our principled approach towards North Korea.

For North Korea, the only way to ensure happiness for its people and to embark on that path to development is to abandon its nuclear ambitions.  And so we have tried through peaceful means, through diplomatic means, to strongly urge North Korea to abandon its nuclear ambitions.

And in this day and age, we realize that no single country can be effective in achieving its diplomatic or economic aims on its own.  We know that cooperation is vital in order for a country to become a responsible member of the international community, which is something that we want for North Korea.  And so we would, of course, want North Korea to abandon its nuclear ambitions.  And, of course, Korea and the United States will continue to consistently apply a principled approach so that we can achieve our strategic objective.

And when it comes to cooperation between our two governments, we speak with one voice, and we will continue to speak with one voice.  And it was a chance for me to reaffirm this today.

Q    I know that President Lee is talking about a South Korea-North Korea-Russia trilateral gas pipeline project.  But North Korea is also under a lot of sanctions from the international community and the United States and other countries.  But having said that, if this gas line project proceeds as planned, then we would have to provide or compensate North Korea with a substantial amount of money or other forms of compensation.  So in your opinion, President Lee, do you think that the gas line pipe project will be able to proceed without resolving the North Korean nuclear issue?

PRESIDENT LEE:  (As interpreted.)  Yes, thank you.  And I don't know if that’s a question that I should be answering here in the United States, but since you asked a question I will try to answer that.

In the Far East, we have been discussing this issue for quite some time in trying to import Russian gas into the Republic of Korea.  Now, we’re discussing, right now with the North Koreans, whether the Russian gas -- which is quite affordable -- can travel through North Korea and be imported and be used in South Korea. 

This is beneficial, first of all, for Russians because they can sell their natural resource.  For North Korea it is beneficial because they could use this natural resource, and also beneficial for South Korea as well.  But let me just remind you that South Korea, North Korea and Russia haven’t yet come together to discuss this issue in any detail.  But from an economic standpoint of view, it is beneficial for all parties involved.  But I understand that this issue is not just economics alone.  This issue, inevitably, involves security matters, which we will consider very closely. 

And, also, let me remind you that this project will not be implemented anytime soon.  Of course we are mindful of the progress that we are making with regards to the North Korean nuclear issue as well.

Q    Thank you, Mr. President.  First, briefly, to follow on Ed, if I may.  On the Iran alleged terror plot, do you have knowledge or do you believe that the nation’s Supreme Leader and President had knowledge of the plot?  And if so, do you not see that as an act of war?

And, if I could turn to the economy, yesterday in a campaign video you said that you will force Congress to take up individual pieces of the American Jobs Act.  Which pieces would you like to see them take up first?  And given that, so far, you’ve been unable to force Congress to do an up or down vote on entire bill, and that new unemployment filings are not falling, why not, now, sit down with members of Congress to see if you can’t reach compromise on something that could pass now and create jobs quickly?

PRESIDENT OBAMA:  Okay.  First of all, on the Iranian issue, the Attorney General has put forward the facts with respect to the case, and I’m going to let him comment on the details of those facts.  What we can say is that there are individuals in the Iranian government who are aware of this plot.  And had it not been for the outstanding intelligence work of our intelligence officials, this plot could have gone forward and resulted not only in the death of the Saudi ambassador, but also innocent civilians here in the United States.

We believe that even if at the highest levels there was not detailed operational knowledge, there has to be accountability with respect to anybody in the Iranian government engaging in this kind of activity. 

And so we will continue the investigation.  We will continue to put forward all the facts that we have available to us.  But the important thing is for Iran to answer the international community why anybody in their government is engaging in these kinds of activities -- which, as I indicated before, are I think out of bounds for not just a country like Iran that historically has been engaging in these kinds of activities, but violates basic principles of how diplomats are dealt with for centuries.

Now, with respect to the jobs bill, I have said repeatedly that the single most important thing we can do for the economy right now is put people back to work right now.  And we have put forward a jobs bill that independent economists -- not my team, not my administration -- have said would grow the economy substantially and put up to 1.9 million people back to work. These are proposals that historically have been supported not just by Democrats, but also by Republicans.  As I’ve said as I’ve traveled around the country, I don’t know when rebuilding our roads and bridges that are decaying suddenly became a partisan issue. 

And I was at a Jobs Council meeting up in Pittsburgh with CEOs from companies across the board, many of whom have been traditional supporters of the Chamber of Commerce and the Business Roundtable and other organizations that the Republican Party has claimed a lot of support for.  And they said, for example, when it came to infrastructure this is something that anybody in Washington should agree to.

The Republicans haven’t given a good answer as to why they have not agreed to wanting to rebuild our roads and our bridges and our schools.  They have not given us a good reason as to why they don't want to put teachers back in the classroom.  And so what we’re going to do is we’re going to break each of these bills apart.  We’re going to say, let’s have a vote on putting teachers back in the classroom.  Let’s have a vote on rebuilding our infrastructure.  Let’s have a vote on making sure that we are keeping taxes low for small businesses and businesses that are willing to hire veterans, provide tax breaks for further investment that can create jobs.  And each time we’re going to ask Republicans to support the bill.  And if they don't want to support the bill, they’ve got to answer not just to us, but also the American people as to why they wouldn’t.

Now, I think this trade deal that we just passed -- the Korea Free Trade Act -- shows that we are happy to work with Republicans where they are willing to put politics behind the interest of the American people and come up with proposals that are actually going to create jobs.  The Korea Free Trade Act we believe will create up to 70,000 jobs.  It’s a good deal.  We got good, strong bipartisan support.

Frankly, we have not seen a lot of ideas coming forward from Republicans that would indicate that same kind of commitment to job creation.  If they do -- if Senator McConnell or Speaker Boehner say to me, you know what, we want to get some infrastructure built in this country, we think that putting construction workers back to work is important -- I’ll be right there.  We’ll be ready to go.  If they are willing to renew the payroll tax as we worked on together in December, I’ll be ready to go. 

I don’t think the problem here, Jessica, is that I have not been unwilling to negotiate with Republicans.  I've shown repeatedly my willingness to work overtime to try to get them to do something to deal with this high unemployment rate.  What we haven’t seen is a similar willingness on their part to try to get something done.  And we’re not going to wait around and play the usual political games here in Washington, because the American people are desperate for some relief right now.

Q    Will you invite them to the White House to negotiate on the jobs bill?

PRESIDENT OBAMA:  I think that anytime and anyplace that they are serious about working on putting people back to work we’ll be prepared to work with them.  But we’re not going to create a lot of theater that then results in them engaging in the usual political talking points but don’t result in action. 

People want action.  And I’m prepared to work with them. But, again, the last time I was here at a press conference I said -- I asked you guys to show us the Republican jobs plan that independent economists would indicate would actually put people back to work.  I haven’t yet seen it.  And so, eventually, I’m hoping that they actually put forward some proposals that indicate that they feel that sense of urgency about people -- needing to put people back to work right now.

All right, Jessica, you can’t have four follow-ups.  One is good.

Q    I have two questions to President Obama.  Yesterday, U.S. Congress ratified the Korea-U.S. FTA.  But Korean National Assembly didn’t pass it yet.  And Korean opposition party is requesting renegotiation on the FTA.  What is your opinion and prospect on the future of the Korea-U.S. FTA? 

And my second question is about Libya and North Korea.  In Libya, there was a people’s uprising and they changed their government.  And do you think such an event will be possible in North Korea in the near future?  Thank you.

PRESIDENT OBAMA:  Well, first of all, President Lee assures me that the KORUS FTA will pass through the National Assembly.  I have great confidence in his leadership, and my expectation is that it will get done -- because it’s good for both countries.  And businesses will be able to prosper here in the United States as a consequence of lowering many of these trade barriers; the same will be true in Korea.  Our workers will benefit, and we can learn from each other.  And I think this is one more sign of the close cooperation and friendship between our two peoples.

You’re absolutely right that what we’ve seen in the Arab Spring -- in Libya, in Tunisia, in Egypt -- is this deep longing on the part of people for freedom and opportunity.  And although the path from dictatorship to democracy is always uncertain and fraught with danger, what we’ve seen also is that human spirit eventually will defeat repressive governments.

So I don’t want to predict when that might happen.  I think that obviously the people of North Korea have been suffering under repressive policies for a very long time, and none of us can look at a crystal ball and know when suddenly that type of government collapses on itself. 

What we know, though, is, is that what people everywhere -- whether it’s in Korea or the United States or Libya or Africa -- what people everywhere are looking for is the ability to determine their own destiny; to know that if they work hard that they will be able to be rewarded; that they can speak their mind, they can practice their religion in freedom; that they can enjoy the free flow of information that increasingly characterizes the 21st century.  And I don’t think that the people of North Korea are any exception. 

And I think when they see the extraordinary success and progress that’s been made in South Korea, I think, inevitably, that leads them to recognize that a system of markets and democracy and freedom is going to give their children and their grandchildren more opportunity than the system that they’re currently under.

All right, thank you very much, everybody.  (Applause.) 

END
1:00 P.M. EDT